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Biological Invasion Risks and the Public Good: An Economic Perspective
CHARLES PERRINGS
Arizona State University - Global Institute of Sustainability (GIOS)
MARK WILLIAMSON
University of York (UK)
EDWARD B. BARBIER
University of Wyoming - Department of Economics and Finance
DORIANA DELFINO
University of York (UK)
SILVANA DALMAZZONE
University of Turin - Department of Economics
JASON F. SHOGREN
University of Wyoming - Department of Economics and Finance
PETER J. SIMMONS
University of York (UK) - Department of Economics and Related Studies
ANDREW WATKINSON
University of East Anglia - School of Environmental Sciences
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Conservation Ecology, Vol. 6, No. 1, p. 1, 2002
Abstract:
We postulate that the causes of the problem of invasive alien species are primarily economic and as such, require economic solutions. Invasive alien species are of increasing concern for four reasons. First, introductions are increasing sharply, while mechanisms for excluding or eradicating alien species have been either withdrawn or progressively weakened. Both trends are due to the liberalization of and increase in international travel and trade, an economic phenomenon. Second, the costs of invasions are rising rapidly due partly to increasing human population density, and partly to increasing intensity of production in genetically impoverished agricultural systems. Third, biological invasions are associated with a high degree of uncertainty both because they involve novel interactions, and because invasion risks are endogenous. Actual risks depend on how people react to the possibility of invasions. Fourth, the exclusion and control of invasive species is a “weakest-link” public good. This places the well-being of society in the hands of the least effective provider. We argue that an economic solution to the problem of invasive species has two components. One is to use incentives to change human behavior so as to enhance protection against the introduction, establishment, and spread of invasive behavior. The other is to develop institutions that support the weakest members of global society, converting a weakest-link to a best-shot public good.
papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=700781
CHARLES PERRINGS
Arizona State University - Global Institute of Sustainability (GIOS)
MARK WILLIAMSON
University of York (UK)
EDWARD B. BARBIER
University of Wyoming - Department of Economics and Finance
DORIANA DELFINO
University of York (UK)
SILVANA DALMAZZONE
University of Turin - Department of Economics
JASON F. SHOGREN
University of Wyoming - Department of Economics and Finance
PETER J. SIMMONS
University of York (UK) - Department of Economics and Related Studies
ANDREW WATKINSON
University of East Anglia - School of Environmental Sciences
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Conservation Ecology, Vol. 6, No. 1, p. 1, 2002
Abstract:
We postulate that the causes of the problem of invasive alien species are primarily economic and as such, require economic solutions. Invasive alien species are of increasing concern for four reasons. First, introductions are increasing sharply, while mechanisms for excluding or eradicating alien species have been either withdrawn or progressively weakened. Both trends are due to the liberalization of and increase in international travel and trade, an economic phenomenon. Second, the costs of invasions are rising rapidly due partly to increasing human population density, and partly to increasing intensity of production in genetically impoverished agricultural systems. Third, biological invasions are associated with a high degree of uncertainty both because they involve novel interactions, and because invasion risks are endogenous. Actual risks depend on how people react to the possibility of invasions. Fourth, the exclusion and control of invasive species is a “weakest-link” public good. This places the well-being of society in the hands of the least effective provider. We argue that an economic solution to the problem of invasive species has two components. One is to use incentives to change human behavior so as to enhance protection against the introduction, establishment, and spread of invasive behavior. The other is to develop institutions that support the weakest members of global society, converting a weakest-link to a best-shot public good.
papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=700781